The spine is the most complex mechanical system in the human body, capable of six degrees-of-freedom motion. Coupled motions have a significant effect on a construct or disc implant that cannot be predicted with simple uniaxial testing. Multi-axial testing helps further the understanding of spine kinematics, aiding in the design of new instruments and implants that allow a more physiological range of motion.
Our multi-axis modular spine testing system allows load and moment application in up to six axes, supporting mechanical testing of spinal column sections, including occipital/cervical, cervical, thoracic, and lumbar/sacral. Building on the proven foundations of the SMART spine tester, jointly developed between us and the National University of Singapore, this latest development provides improved simulation of spinal kinematics.
Using successful clinical models, such as those developed by White and Panjabi, the system follows the "free-end" approach to spine testing. This approach results in more physiological movement of each vertebra with respect to one another, with each axis of motion independently controlled and measured.
The multi-axial spine testing work head is an accessory for the
8800 series fatigue testing system. The system also relies on use of multiaxial load cells to fully characterize the loads induced in the specimen. The
8800 controller provides the exceptional control accuracy required for multi-axis testing and uses advanced geometric cross-compensation features.
WaveMatrix™ software allows for complete synchronised control of all 6 degrees-of-freedom on a step by step basis and powerful data acquisition and storage.